EVALUATING THE ROLE OF RURAL TOURISM AND ECOTOURISM IN SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT: A CASE STUDY OF WESTERN ROMANIA’S RURAL COMMUNITIES

Abstract

Rural tourism has become a vital means of economic development for vulnerable rural communities. Despite its growth, there remains limited research on the sustainability of development generated by tourism activities in these regions. In both our country and the European Union, rural tourism and ecotourism rank among the most dynamic forms of tourism, benefiting tourists and host communities alike. Historically, rural areas have depended on abundant natural resources, and now, sustainable development through tourism is both a necessity and a trend, particularly in Romania's Western region.

This article reviews literature on sustainable rural tourism and employs a case study approach to explore rural tourism and ecotourism in Romania’s Western region. The study’s objective is to assess how tourism impacts the sustainable development of rural communities, with a focus on three indicators: demographic stability, access to public utilities, and socio-economic sustainability. Additionally, the research investigates the relationship between rural tourism, the need for sustainable development, and the preservation of local traditions, aiming to determine if a balance can be achieved between these aspects.

Results indicate a significant positive effect of tourism on rural areas, evidenced by improved values across all analysed indicators, underscoring its potential to drive sustainable growth and resilience in rural communities.